Isolation of Nucleic acids
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Cloning and Applications
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Cloning: The term cloning describes a number of different processes that can be used to produce genetically identical copies of a biological entity. The copied material, which has the same genetic makeup as the original, is referred to as a clone. Researchers have cloned a wide range of biological materials, including genes , cells , tissues and even entire organisms, such as a sheep. Natural Cloning In nature, some plants and single-celled organisms, such as bacteria , produce genetically identical offspring through a process called asexual reproduction. In asexual reproduction, a new individual is generated from a copy of a single cell from the parent organism. Types of Artificial Cloning Three different types of artificial cloning: Gene cloning - produces copies of genes or segments of DNA. Reproductive cloning - produces copies of whole animals. Therapeutic cloning - produces embryonic stem cells for experiments aimed at creat...